"adressen" meaning in Middle English

See adressen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /aˈdrɛsən/
Etymology: From Old French adresser, adrescer, adrecier; equivalent to a- + dressen. Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|:bor|fro:adrecier|:afeq|a-|dressen}} [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "state-entering prefix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "at", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂éd", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*ad", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*ad-", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "ad-", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "a-", "lang" : "fro" }, { "id" : "stand up", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "direct", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "straight", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*d(w)is-", "gloss" : "in two, apart", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "two", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dwóh₁", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" }, { "keyword_abbrev" : "influ.", "keyword_label" : "Influenced by", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*trís", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "influence" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dwís", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*dis-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dīs-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "straightened", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "to straighten", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₃reǵ-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "verbal adjectives", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-tós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₃reǵtós", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*rektos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "rēctus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dīrēctus", "lang" : "la" }, { "alt" : "-iāre", "id" : "causative", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "forming verbs", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yeti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-io", "lang" : "la", "pos" : "causative verb-forming suffix" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Vulgar Latin", "term" : "*dīrēctiāre", "lang" : "la-vul" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "drecier", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "adrecier", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "bor" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "a-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "enm" }, { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "fro", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "la-vul:*dīrēctiāre<id:direct>", "id" : "stand up" }, "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "drecier", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "dressen", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "enm" } ], "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "afeq", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "adressen", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "enm" }" data-lang="enm" data-title="adressen">, {{bor|enm|fro|adresser}} Old French adresser, {{af|enm|a-|dressen}} a- + dressen Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} adressen, {{enm-verb|3=adressed|stem=adress}} adressen (third-person singular simple present adresseth, present participle adressende, adressynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle adressed) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|adress|c=ede|c2=te|y=0}} Forms: adresseth [present, singular, third-person], adressende [participle, present], adressynge [participle, present], adressed [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], weak [table-tags], adressen [infinitive], to adressen [infinitive], adresse [infinitive], adresse [first-person, present, singular], adressed [first-person, past, singular], adressede [first-person, past, singular], adreste [first-person, past, singular], adressest [present, second-person, singular], adressedest [past, second-person, singular], adrestest [past, second-person, singular], adresseth [present, singular, third-person], adressed [past, singular, third-person], adressede [past, singular, third-person], adreste [past, singular, third-person], adresse [present, singular, subjunctive], adressed [past, singular, subjunctive], adressede [past, singular, subjunctive], adreste [past, singular, subjunctive], adresse [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], adressen [plural, present], adresse [plural, present], adresseden [past, plural], adressed [past, plural], adressede [past, plural], adresten [past, plural], adreste [past, plural], adresseth [imperative, plural, present], adresse [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], adressynge [participle, present], adressende [participle, present], adressed [participle, past], adrest [participle, past], adresce [alternative], adresse [alternative]
  1. To aim or direct (another)
    Sense id: en-adressen-enm-verb-y0sCcgMq
  2. To arrange or order (another)
    Sense id: en-adressen-enm-verb-vZzqJbY0
  3. (reflexive) To order or ready (oneself) Tags: reflexive
    Sense id: en-adressen-enm-verb-4fx7rh9F Categories (other): Middle English entries referencing missing etymons, Middle English entries with etymon, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms prefixed with a-, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Middle English entries referencing missing etymons: 10 17 54 19 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with etymon: 10 18 52 20 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 8 14 64 15 Disambiguation of Middle English terms prefixed with a-: 11 21 48 20 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 10 13 66 12 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 8 10 73 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 6 85 5 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 10 12 67 11
  4. (rare, Late Middle English) To address a letter. Tags: Late-Middle-English, rare
    Sense id: en-adressen-enm-verb-brBjRdfe Categories (other): Late Middle English
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Categories (other): Communication Disambiguation of Communication: 0 0 0 0

Alternative forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "enm",
      "name": "Communication",
      "orig": "enm:Communication",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "address"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "address"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "fro:adrecier",
        "4": ":afeq",
        "5": "a-",
        "6": "dressen"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"state-entering prefix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"stand up\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"direct\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"straight\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*d(w)is-\", \"gloss\" : \"in two, apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*trís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dīs-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"straightened\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to straighten\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃reǵ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃reǵtós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*rektos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rēctus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dīrēctus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-iāre\", \"id\" : \"causative\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-io\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"causative verb-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*dīrēctiāre\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"drecier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"adrecier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"fro\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"la-vul:*dīrēctiāre<id:direct>\", \"id\" : \"stand up\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"drecier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"dressen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"adressen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"adressen\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "adresser"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French adresser",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "a-",
        "3": "dressen"
      },
      "expansion": "a- + dressen",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French adresser, adrescer, adrecier; equivalent to a- + dressen.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "adresseth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to adressen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adreste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adrestest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresseth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adreste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adreste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresseden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adreste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresseth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adrest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresce",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "adressen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "3": "adressed",
        "stem": "adress"
      },
      "expansion": "adressen (third-person singular simple present adresseth, present participle adressende, adressynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle adressed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adress",
        "c": "ede",
        "c2": "te",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To aim or direct (another)"
      ],
      "id": "en-adressen-enm-verb-y0sCcgMq",
      "links": [
        [
          "aim",
          "aim"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To arrange or order (another)"
      ],
      "id": "en-adressen-enm-verb-vZzqJbY0",
      "links": [
        [
          "arrange",
          "arrange"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 17 54 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 18 52 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 14 64 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 21 48 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms prefixed with a-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 66 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 10 73 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 6 85 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 67 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To order or ready (oneself)"
      ],
      "id": "en-adressen-enm-verb-4fx7rh9F",
      "links": [
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ],
        [
          "ready",
          "ready"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) To order or ready (oneself)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Late Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To address a letter."
      ],
      "id": "en-adressen-enm-verb-brBjRdfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "address",
          "address"
        ],
        [
          "letter",
          "letter"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, Late Middle English) To address a letter."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈdrɛsən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "adressen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "Middle English entries with etymon",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃reǵ-",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂éd",
    "Middle English terms prefixed with a-",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "enm:Communication"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "address"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "address"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":bor",
        "3": "fro:adrecier",
        "4": ":afeq",
        "5": "a-",
        "6": "dressen"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"state-entering prefix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"at\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂éd\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ad-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ad-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"stand up\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"direct\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"straight\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*d(w)is-\", \"gloss\" : \"in two, apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*trís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dīs-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"straightened\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to straighten\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃reǵ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃reǵtós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*rektos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rēctus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dīrēctus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-iāre\", \"id\" : \"causative\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-io\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"causative verb-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*dīrēctiāre\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"drecier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"adrecier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"a-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"fro\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"la-vul:*dīrēctiāre<id:direct>\", \"id\" : \"stand up\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"drecier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"dressen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"adressen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"adressen\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "adresser"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French adresser",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "a-",
        "3": "dressen"
      },
      "expansion": "a- + dressen",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French adresser, adrescer, adrecier; equivalent to a- + dressen.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "adresseth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to adressen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adreste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adrestest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresseth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adreste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adreste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresseden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adreste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresseth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adressed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adrest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresce",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "adresse",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "adressen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "3": "adressed",
        "stem": "adress"
      },
      "expansion": "adressen (third-person singular simple present adresseth, present participle adressende, adressynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle adressed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adress",
        "c": "ede",
        "c2": "te",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To aim or direct (another)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "aim",
          "aim"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To arrange or order (another)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arrange",
          "arrange"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To order or ready (oneself)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ],
        [
          "ready",
          "ready"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) To order or ready (oneself)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Late Middle English",
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To address a letter."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "address",
          "address"
        ],
        [
          "letter",
          "letter"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, Late Middle English) To address a letter."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈdrɛsən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "adressen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for adressen meaning in Middle English (11.5kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.